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Nominal 10 minute average spin-averages and sectored counting-rate-based fluxes of energetic protons and heavier nuclei from the Ulysses COSPIN High Flux Telescope
Published (J.A. Simpson et al., Astron. Astrophys. v92, pp365-399, 1992) description of the COSPIN Instrumentation. See especially section 4.4 for a detailed description of the HFT.
Identification of data channels archived and brief discussion of data structure
Please acknowledge the Lead HFT Investigator (Dr. J. David Anglin)
| Role | Person | |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | CoInvestigator Data producer Team leader | spase://SMWG/Person/J.David.Anglin |
Parent directory containing yearly downloadable .zip compressed subdirectories with naming convention coshftYY.zip, where YY indicates the two digit year corresponding to the data in the subdirectory. Each subdirectory contains daily ascii files with naming convention ucoshftaYYDDD.dat where YY and DOY are the two digit year and the three digit day of year (Jan. 1 = 1). Each file contains nominally 10-minute averages of HFT counting-rate-based fluxes of protons and heavier nuclei from the COSPIN High Flux Telescope. The data are presented in flux units, (s cmsq sr MeV/n)^-1. Of the 22 data channels presented, 21 provide spin-averaged fluxes, and one proton channel is accumulated in 32 spin-sectors. Therefore each tab-delimited data record contains, in addition to 5 integer time fields, 53 floating point fields of measured fluxes. Since particle identification is based simply on energy losses exceeding discriminator thresholds in a single 18 micron thick silicon solid state detector, explicit identification of nuclear charge is not possible. The channels are labeled with the usually dominant particle species, and may contain significant contributions from heavier nuclei. The contents of the 58 fields in each data record are described in the COSPIN/HFT User Notes (http://helio.estec.esa.nl/ulysses/archive/cospin_hft_un.html) referred to above. (See also Anglin et al., J. Geophys. Res., 102, 1, 1997 for a further discussion of the HFT's function,, especially in high flux environments.) The thinness of the detector in combination with the discriminator threshold levels make the HFT very insensitive to electrons. The data cycle is complex (See Simpson et al., 1992, cited above), and, at the most common science telemetry rate of 1024 bps, one complete data cycle is returned every 256 seconds. Thus at low bit rates (256 bps or lower) a full data cycle can not be completed in one 10 minute interval. Fortunately, prior to loss of the Ulysses X-band transmitter in January 2008 periods where such low bit rates were used were quite rare. The accumulation intervals for all fluxes, both spin-averaged and sectored, are synchronized with the spacecraft spin period so that each readout corresponds to an integral number of spins.
J.D. Anglin, HIA/NRC, Ottawa, Canada
Nominal Start Time for the average given in year, day of year, hour, min, second.
| Index | Name | Valid min | Valid max | Fill value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Year | 1990 | 2009 | Null |
| 2 | Day of year | 1 | 366 | Null |
| 3 | Hour of day | 0 | 23 | Null |
| 4 | Minute of hour | 0 | 59 | Null |
| 5 | Seconds of minute | 0 | 59 | Null |
Nominal 10-minute average HFT spin-averaged flux based on counting rate F1J(0) responding primarily to 0.7-0.9 MeV protons. This flux represents one step in a 16 step sequence of discriminator levels. The step is identified in the rate name, where J(x) implies step x. In the most common operational mode the discriminator level advances one step with each readout of F1 (16 seconds at 1024 bps). Each complete cycle thus takes 256 seconds (at 1024 bps).
Since the energy range is defined entirely by a discriminator level on the single 18 micron thick silicon detector, other high energy nuclei with energy losses in the detector greater than that of a normally incident 0.28 MeV proton will also contribute to this flux. The total accumulation interval for this rate is much less than the 10 minute nominal interval since it represents one step in a 16-step sequence of discriminator levels.
Nominal 10-minute average HFT spin-averaged flux based on counting rate F1J(1) responding primarily to 0.50-2.27 MeV protons. This flux represents one step in a 16 step sequence of discriminator levels. The step is identified in the rate name, where J(x) implies step x. In the most common operational mode the discriminator level advances one step with each readout of F1 (16 seconds at 1024 bps). Each complete cycle thus takes 256 seconds (at 1024 bps).
Since the energy range is defined entirely by a discriminator level on the single 18 micron thick silicon detector, other high energy nuclei with energy losses in the detector greater than that of a normally incident 0.50 MeV proton will also contribute to this flux. The total accumulation interval for this rate is much less than the 10 minute nominal interval since it represents one step in a 16-step sequence of discriminator levels.
Nominal 10-minute average HFT spin-averaged flux based on counting rate F1J(2) responding primarily to 0.76-1.37 MeV protons. This flux represents one step in a 16 step sequence of discriminator levels. The step is identified in the rate name, where J(x) implies step x. In the most common operational mode the discriminator level advances one step with each readout of F1 (16 seconds at 1024 bps). Each complete cycle thus takes 256 seconds (at 1024 bps).
Since the energy range is defined entirely by a discriminator level on the single 18 micron thick silicon detector, other high energy nuclei with energy losses in the detector greater than that of a normally incident 0.76 MeV proton will also contribute to this flux. The total accumulation interval for this rate is much less than the 10 minute nominal interval since it represents one step in a 16-step sequence of discriminator levels.
Nominal 10-minute average HFT spin-averaged flux based on counting rate F1J(3) responding primarily to 0.31-5.4 MeV/n Helium nuclei. This flux represents one step in a 16 step sequence of discriminator levels. The step is identified in the rate name, where J(x) implies step x. In the most common operational mode the discriminator level advances one step with each readout of F1 (16 seconds at 1024 bps). Each complete cycle thus takes 256 seconds (at 1024 bps).
Since the energy range is defined entirely by a discriminator level on the single 18 micron thick silicon detector, other high energy nuclei with energy losses in the detector greater than that of a normally incident 0.31 MeV/n Helium nucleus (alpha particle) will also contribute to this flux. The total accumulation interval for this rate is much less than the 10 minute nominal interval since it represents one step in a 16-step sequence of discriminator levels.
Nominal 10-minute average HFT spin-averaged flux based on counting rate F1J(4) responding primarily to 0.38-3.9 MeV/n Helium nuclei. This flux represents one step in a 16 step sequence of discriminator levels. The step is identified in the rate name, where J(x) implies step x. In the most common operational mode the discriminator level advances one step with each readout of F1 (16 seconds at 1024 bps). Each complete cycle thus takes 256 seconds (at 1024 bps).
Since the energy range is defined entirely by a discriminator level on the single 18 micron thick silicon detector, other high energy nuclei with energy losses in the detector greater than that of a normally incident 0.38 MeV/n Helium nucleus (alpha particle) will also contribute to this flux. The total accumulation interval for this rate is much less than the 10 minute nominal interval since it represents one step in a 16-step sequence of discriminator levels.
Nominal 10-minute average HFT spin-averaged flux based on counting rate F1J(5) responding primarily to 0.45-2.9 MeV/n Helium nuclei. This flux represents one step in a 16 step sequence of discriminator levels. The step is identified in the rate name, where J(x) implies step x. In the most common operational mode the discriminator level advances one step with each readout of F1 (16 seconds at 1024 bps). Each complete cycle thus takes 256 seconds (at 1024 bps).
Since the energy range is defined entirely by a discriminator level on the single 18 micron thick silicon detector, other high energy nuclei with energy losses in the detector greater than that of a normally incident 0.45 MeV/n Helium nucleus (alpha particle) will also contribute to this flux. The total accumulation interval for this rate is much less than the 10 minute nominal interval since it represents one step in a 16-step sequence of discriminator levels.
Nominal 10-minute average HFT spin-averaged flux based on counting rate F1J(6) responding primarily to 0.51-2.26 MeV/n Helium nuclei. This flux represents one step in a 16 step sequence of discriminator levels. The step is identified in the rate name, where J(x) implies step x. In the most common operational mode the discriminator level advances one step with each readout of F1 (16 seconds at 1024 bps). Each complete cycle thus takes 256 seconds (at 1024 bps).
Since the energy range is defined entirely by a discriminator level on the single 18 micron thick silicon detector, other high energy nuclei with energy losses in the detector greater than that of a normally incident 0.51 MeV/n Helium nucleus (alpha particle) will also contribute to this flux. The total accumulation interval for this rate is much less than the 10 minute nominal interval since it represents one step in a 16-step sequence of discriminator levels.
Nominal 10-minute average HFT spin-averaged flux based on counting rate F1J(7) responding primarily to 0.58-1.91 MeV/n Helium nuclei. This flux represents one step in a 16 step sequence of discriminator levels. The step is identified in the rate name, where J(x) implies step x. In the most common operational mode the discriminator level advances one step with each readout of F1 (16 seconds at 1024 bps). Each complete cycle thus takes 256 seconds (at 1024 bps).
Since the energy range is defined entirely by a discriminator level on the single 18 micron thick silicon detector, other high energy nuclei with energy losses in the detector greater than that of a normally incident 0.58 MeV/n Helium nucleus (alpha particle) will also contribute to this flux. The total accumulation interval for this rate is much less than the 10 minute nominal interval since it represents one step in a 16-step sequence of discriminator levels.
Nominal 10-minute average HFT spin-averaged flux based on counting rate F1J(8) responding primarily to 0.64-1.66 MeV/n Helium nuclei. This flux represents one step in a 16 step sequence of discriminator levels. The step is identified in the rate name, where J(x) implies step x. In the most common operational mode the discriminator level advances one step with each readout of F1 (16 seconds at 1024 bps). Each complete cycle thus takes 256 seconds (at 1024 bps).
Since the energy range is defined entirely by a discriminator level on the single 18 micron thick silicon detector, other high energy nuclei with energy losses in the detector greater than that of a normally incident 0.64 MeV/n Helium nucleus (alpha particle) will also contribute to this flux. The total accumulation interval for this rate is much less than the 10 minute nominal interval since it represents one step in a 16-step sequence of discriminator levels.
Nominal 10-minute average HFT spin-averaged flux based on counting rate F1J(9) responding primarily to 0.71-1.50 MeV/n Helium nuclei. This flux represents one step in a 16 step sequence of discriminator levels. The step is identified in the rate name, where J(x) implies step x. In the most common operational mode the discriminator level advances one step with each readout of F1 (16 seconds at 1024 bps). Each complete cycle thus takes 256 seconds (at 1024 bps).
Since the energy range is defined entirely by a discriminator level on the single 18 micron thick silicon detector, other high energy nuclei with energy losses in the detector greater than that of a normally incident 0.71 MeV/n Helium nucleus (alpha particle) will also contribute to this flux. The total accumulation interval for this rate is much less than the 10 minute nominal interval since it represents one step in a 16-step sequence of discriminator levels.
Nominal 10-minute average HFT spin-averaged flux based on counting rate F1J(10) responding primarily to 0.78-1.35 MeV/n Helium nuclei. This flux represents one step in a 16 step sequence of discriminator levels. The step is identified in the rate name, where J(x) implies step x. In the most common operational mode the discriminator level advances one step with each readout of F1 (16 seconds at 1024 bps). Each complete cycle thus takes 256 seconds (at 1024 bps).
Since the energy range is defined entirely by a discriminator level on the single 18 micron thick silicon detector, other high energy nuclei with energy losses in the detector greater than that of a normally incident 0.78 MeV/n Helium nucleus (alpha particle) will also contribute to this flux. The total accumulation interval for this rate is much less than the 10 minute nominal interval since it represents one step in a 16-step sequence of discriminator levels.
Nominal 10-minute average HFT spin-averaged flux based on counting rate F1J(11) responding primarily to 0.85-1.25 MeV/n Helium nuclei. This flux represents one step in a 16 step sequence of discriminator levels. The step is identified in the rate name, where J(x) implies step x. In the most common operational mode the discriminator level advances one step with each readout of F1 (16 seconds at 1024 bps). Each complete cycle thus takes 256 seconds (at 1024 bps).
Since the energy range is defined entirely by a discriminator level on the single 18 micron thick silicon detector, other high energy nuclei with energy losses in the detector greater than that of a normally incident 0.85 MeV/n Helium nucleus (alpha particle) will also contribute to this flux. The total accumulation interval for this rate is much less than the 10 minute nominal interval since it represents one step in a 16-step sequence of discriminator levels.
Nominal 10-minute average HFT spin-averaged flux based on counting rate F1J(12) responding primarily to 0.91-1.17 MeV/n Helium nuclei. This flux represents one step in a 16 step sequence of discriminator levels. The step is identified in the rate name, where J(x) implies step x. In the most common operational mode the discriminator level advances one step with each readout of F1 (16 seconds at 1024 bps). Each complete cycle thus takes 256 seconds (at 1024 bps).
Since the energy range is defined entirely by a discriminator level on the single 18 micron thick silicon detector, other high energy nuclei with energy losses in the detector greater than that of a normally incident 0.85 MeV/n Helium nucleus (alpha particle) will also contribute to this flux. The total accumulation interval for this rate is much less than the 10 minute nominal interval since it represents one step in a 16-step sequence of discriminator levels.
Nominal 10-minute average HFT spin-averaged flux based on counting rate F1J(13) responding primarily to 0.98-1.12 MeV/n Helium nuclei. This flux represents one step in a 16 step sequence of discriminator levels. The step is identified in the rate name, where J(x) implies step x. In the most common operational mode the discriminator level advances one step with each readout of F1 (16 seconds at 1024 bps). Each complete cycle thus takes 256 seconds (at 1024 bps).
Since the energy range is defined entirely by a discriminator level on the single 18 micron thick silicon detector, other high energy nuclei with energy losses in the detector greater than that of a normally incident 0.98 MeV/n Helium nucleus (alpha particle) will also contribute to this flux. The total accumulation interval for this rate is much less than the 10 minute nominal interval since it represents one step in a 16-step sequence of discriminator levels.
Nominal 10-minute average HFT spin-averaged flux based on counting rate F1J(14) responding primarily to heavy nuclei (0.34-29.6 MeV/n for Oxygen) . This flux represents one step in a 16 step sequence of discriminator levels. The step is identified in the rate name, where J(x) implies step x. In the most common operational mode the discriminator level advances one step with each readout of F1 (16 seconds at 1024 bps). Each complete cycle thus takes 256 seconds (at 1024 bps).
Since the energy range is defined entirely by a discriminator level on the single 18 micron thick silicon detector, other high energy nuclei with energy losses in the detector greater than that of a normally incident 0.34 MeV/n Oxygen nucleus will also contribute to this flux. The total accumulation interval for this rate is much less than the 10 minute nominal interval since it represents one step in a 16-step sequence of discriminator levels.
Nominal 10-minute average HFT spin-averaged flux based on counting rate F1J(15) responding primarily to heavy nuclei (0.36-27.4 MeV/n for Oxygen) . This flux represents one step in a 16 step sequence of discriminator levels. The step is identified in the rate name, where J(x) implies step x. In the most common operational mode the discriminator level advances one step with each readout of F1 (16 seconds at 1024 bps). Each complete cycle thus takes 256 seconds (at 1024 bps).
Since the energy range is defined entirely by a discriminator level on the single 18 micron thick silicon detector, other high energy nuclei with energy losses in the detector greater than that of a normally incident 0.36 MeV/n Oxygen nucleus will also contribute to this flux. The total accumulation interval for this rate is much less than the 10 minute nominal interval since it represents one step in a 16-step sequence of discriminator levels.
Nominal 10-minute average HFT spin-averaged flux based on counting rate F2L responding primarily to 0.20-6.7 MeV protons. This discriminator level corresponding to this flux is set to L or H by command. If the level is set to H, this field will be fill.
Since the energy range is defined entirely by a discriminator level on the single 18 micron thick silicon detector, other high energy nuclei with energy losses in the detector greater than that of a normally incident 0.20 MeV proton will also contribute to this flux.
Nominal 10-minute average HFT spin-averaged flux based on counting rate F2H responding primarily to 0.55-1.95 MeV protons. This discriminator level corresponding to this flux is set to L or H by command. If the level is set to L, this field will be fill.
Since the energy range is defined entirely by a discriminator level on the single 18 micron thick silicon detector, other high energy nuclei with energy losses in the detector greater than that of a normally incident 0.55 MeV proton will also contribute to this flux.
Nominal 10-minute average HFT spin-averaged flux based on counting rate F3 responding primarily to 0.68-1.56 MeV/n (for He) Z>=2 nuclei.
Since the energy range is defined entirely by a discriminator level on the single 18 micron thick silicon detector, other high energy nuclei with energy losses in the detector greater than that of a normally incident 0.68 MeV/n helium nucleus will also contribute to this flux.
Nominal 10-minute average HFT spin-averaged flux based on counting rate F4 responding primarily to 0.8-4.9 MeV/n (for He) Z>=2 nuclei.
Since the energy range is defined entirely by a discriminator level on the single 18 micron thick silicon detector, other high energy nuclei with energy losses in the detector greater than that of a normally incident 0.8 MeV/n Carbon nucleus will also contribute to this flux.
Nominal 10-minute average HFT spin-averaged flux based on counting rate F3 responding primarily to 1.28-8.5MeV/n (for Sulphur) Z>=12 nuclei.
Since the energy range is defined entirely by a discriminator level on the single 18 micron thick silicon detector, other high energy nuclei with energy losses in the detector greater than that of a normally incident 1.28 MeV/n Sulphur nucleus will also contribute to this flux.
Nominal 10-minute average HFT spin-averaged fluxes based on counting rate F2s, which split directionality of the F2 fluxes using 32 spin sectors. The counting rate responds primarily to protons in the energy ranges 0.29-6.7 MeV or 0.55-1.95 MeV, depending on whether the F2 threshold is set low or high respectively. The state of the F2 threshold is low if column 23 contains fill, and high if column 22 contains fill. See Anglin et al. , J. Geophys. Res., 102, 1, 1997 for more detailed discussion of using the HFT F2S sectored rate.
Since the energy range is defined entirely by a discriminator level on the single 18 micron thick silicon detector, other high energy nuclei with energy losses in the detector greater than that of a normally incident 0.29 or 0.55 MeV proton (depending on the state of the F2 discriminator) will also contribute to these fluxes. Since the total accumulation time in each sector is less than 20 seconds in the nominal 10 minute averaging period, statistical accuracy of these sectored fluxes in a single averaging interval is usually poor except in large flux enhancements, most commonly produced by large solar energetic particle events, but also by the high radiation levels in Jupiter's magnetosphere.
| Index | Name | Units | Valid min | Valid max | Fill value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | F2S1 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 2 | F2S2 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 3 | F2S3 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 4 | F2S4 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 5 | F2S5 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 6 | F2S6 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 7 | F2S7 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 8 | F2S8 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 9 | F2S9 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 10 | F2S10 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 11 | F2S11 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 12 | F2S12 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 13 | F2S13 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 14 | F2S14 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 15 | F2S15 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 16 | F2S16 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 17 | F2S17 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 18 | F2S18 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 19 | F2S19 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 20 | F2S20 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 21 | F2S21 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 22 | F2S22 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 23 | F2S23 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 24 | F2S24 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 25 | F2S25 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 26 | F2S26 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 27 | F2S27 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 28 | F2S28 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 29 | F2S29 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 30 | F2S30 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 31 | F2S31 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
| 32 | F2S32 | (counts/(s*cm^2*sr*MeV)) | 0.0 | 1.00E+06 | -999 |
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High Flux Telescope (HFT): ~0.3-7 MeV protons, 0.4-4 MeV/n He with a small aperture single detector telescope for use in very high flux situations
HFT is one of five instruments that make up the COSPIN suite on the Ulysses spacecraft. HFT was built, and primary data analysis is maintained, by National Research Council, Ottawa, Canada
Information about the HFT experiment on the Ulysses mission.
| Role | Person | |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Principal investigator | Dr. R. Bruce McKibben |
| 2. | CoInvestigator | Dr. John David Anglin |
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The primary objectives of Ulysses, formerly the International Solar Polar Mission (ISPM), are to investigate, as a function of solar latitude, the properties of the solar wind and the interplanetary magnetic field, of galactic cosmic rays and neutral interstellar gas, and to study energetic particle composition and acceleration. The 55 kg payload includes two magnetometers, two solar wind plasma instruments, a unified radio/plasma wave instrument, three energetic charged particle instruments, an interstellar neutral gas sensor, a solar X-ray/cosmic gamma-ray burst detector, and a cosmic dust sensor. The communications systems is also used to study the solar corona and to search for gravitational waves. Secondary objectives included interplanetary and planetary physics investigations during the initial Earth-Jupiter phase and investigations in the Jovian magnetosphere. The spacecraft used a Jupiter swingby in Feb. 1992 to transfer to a heliospheric orbit with high heliocentric inclination, and will pass over the rotational south pole of the sun in mid-1994 at 2 AU, and over the north pole in mid-1995. A second solar orbit will take Ulysses again over the south and north poles in years 2000 and 2001, respectively. The spacecraft is powered by a single radio-isotope generator. It is spin stabilized at a rate of 5 rpm and its high-gain antenna points continuously to the earth. A nutation anomaly after launch was controlled by CONSCAN. The original mission planned for two spacecraft, one built by ESA and the other by NASA. NASA cancelled its spacecraft in 1981.
JPL's primary website for the Ulysses mission. Links to all of the experiment subpages exist here.
| Role | Person | |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Project scientist | Dr. Edward J. Smith |
| 2. | Project scientist | Dr. Richard G. Marsden |
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